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- ABANDONMENT look up translate image
- Desertion of a child by a parent or adult primary caregiver with no provisions for continued childcare nor with any apparent intention to return to resume caregiving.
- ABUSE AND NEGLECT look up translate image
- Physical, sexual and/or emotional maltreatment. Child abuse and neglect is defined as any recent act or failure to act resulting in imminent risk of serious harm, death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation of a child (a person under the age of 18, unless the child protection law of the state in which the child resides specifies a younger age for cases not involving sexual abuse) by a parent or caretaker (including any employee of a residential facility or any staff person...(more)
- ACCESS VETO SYSTEMS look up translate image
- Type of reunion registry system. The veto is a document filed by one party to the adoption which registers that person's refusal to be contacted or denial of release of identifying information. In an access veto or non-disclosure request system, an adopted adult may receive identifying information about another party if no veto is on file. Some states may have provisions for a contact veto, permitting a party seeking information access to identifying information, including an original birth certificate, but prohibiting contact between the parties.
- ACTIVE REGISTRIES look up translate image
- Reunion registries which do not require that both parties register their consent. Once one party is registered, a designated individual (often an agency or court representative) is assigned to contact those persons being sought and determine their wishes for the release of information.
- ADD look up translate image
- Acronym for attention deficit disorder.
- ADHD look up translate image
- Acronym for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- ADJUDICATORY HEARINGS look up translate image
- Held by the juvenile and family court to determine whether a child has been maltreated or whether another legal basis exists for the state to intervene to protect the child.
- ADOPTEE look up translate image
- Any person who has been adopted.
- ADOPTION look up translate image
- Legal process where parental rights are transferred from birth parents to adoptive parents.
- ADOPTION "TRIANGLE" (OR ADOPTION "TRIAD") look up translate image
- An expression used to describe the three-sided inter-relationships among adopted children, their birth parents, and their adoptive parents.
- ADOPTION AGENCY look up translate image
- Organization placing children in homes, under the jurisdiction of state or licensing laws.
- ADOPTION AGREEMENT look up translate image
- The agreement in which the adoptive parent(s) and birth parent(s) put into writing their understanding of the terms of an adoption -- including the degree of communication and contact they will have with each other and with the adopted child.
- ADOPTION AND SAFE FAMILIES ACT (ASFA) look up translate image
- Signed into law November 1997 and designed to improve the safety of children, to promote adoption and other permanent homes for children who need them and to support families. The law requires Child Protective Services (CPS) to provide more timely and focused assessment and intervention services to the children and families that are served within the CPS system.
- ADOPTION ASSISTANCE look up translate image
- Monthly or one-time only subsidy payments to help adoptive parents raise children with special needs. These payments were initially made possible by the enactment of the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-272) which provided federal funding for children eligible under title IV-E of the Social Security Act; States also fund monthly payments for children with special needs who are not eligible for federally funded subsidy payments. "Adoption assistance" can also refer to any help given to adoptive parents.
- ADOPTION ATTORNEY look up translate image
- Lawyers who arrange adoptive placements and specialize in adoption.
- ADOPTION BENEFITS look up translate image
- Compensation to workers through employer-sponsored programs. Some examples of such benefits are financial assistance or monetary reimbursement for the expenses of adopting a child, or provision of "parental" or "family" leave.
- ADOPTION CONSULTANT look up translate image
- Anyone who helps with the placement of a child, but specifically someone who makes it his or her private business to facilitate adoptions.
- ADOPTION DISRUPTION look up translate image
- The interruption of an adoption prior to finalization sometimes called a "failed adoption" or a "failed placement."
- ADOPTION DISSOLUTION look up translate image
- The interruption or "failure" of an adoption after finalization that requires court action.
- ADOPTION EXCHANGE look up translate image
- An organization which recruits adoptive families for children with special needs using print, radio, television and Internet recruitment, as well as matching parties (which bring together prospective adoptive parents, waiting children and their social workers in a child-focused setting). Adoption exchanges can be local, state, regional, national or international in scope.
- ADOPTION FACILITATOR look up translate image
- Unlicensed organizations or individuals offering adoption services, which is illegal in 20 states.
- ADOPTION INSURANCE (ADOPTION CANCELLATION INSURANCE) look up translate image
- Insurance which protects against financial loss which can be incurred after a birth mother changes her mind and decides not to place her child for adoption.
- ADOPTION PETITION look up translate image
- The legal document through which prospective parents request the court's permission to adopt a specific child.
- ADOPTION PLACEMENT look up translate image
- The point at which a child begins to live with prospective adoptive parents; the period before the adoption is finalized.
- ADOPTION PLAN look up translate image
- A plan created between a birth mother and a social worker specifying all aspects and desires with regards to an adoption.
- ADOPTION PROFESSIONAL look up translate image
- Employee of a licensed adoption agency or a trained and educated adoption authority who has training and experiences in adoption services and authorized by the agency to provide adoption services.
- ADOPTION REVERSAL look up translate image
- Reclaiming of a child (originally voluntarily placed with adoptive parents) by birth parent(s) who have had a subsequent change of heart. State laws vary in defining time limits and circumstances under which a child may be reclaimed.
- ADOPTION SERVICE PROVIDER (ASP) look up translate image
- A licensed agency or individual who is State certified to assist birth parents and adoptive parents with the placement of a child in an Independent Adoption.
- ADOPTION SUBSIDIES look up translate image
- Federal or state adoption benefits (also known as adoption assistance) designed to help offset the short- and long-term costs associated with adopting children who need special services. To be eligible for the Federal IV-E subsidy program, children must meet each of the following characteristics: a court has ordered that the child cannot or should not be returned to the birth family; the child has special needs, as determined by the state's definition of special needs; a "reasonable effort" has...(more)
- ADOPTION TAX CREDITS look up translate image
- Non-refundable credit which reduces taxes owed by adoptive parents who claim adoption expense reimbursement under P.L. 104-188; may be claimed on federal taxes (and in some states with similar legislation, on state taxes).
- ADOPTION TAX EXCLUSIONS look up translate image
- IRS provisions in the federal tax code which allow adoptive parents to exclude cash or other adoption benefits for qualifying adoption expenses received from a private-sector employer when computing the family's adjusted gross income for tax purposes.
- ADOPTION TRIAD/TRIANGLE look up translate image
- The three parties involved in an adoption: adoptee, adoptive parents and birth parents.
- ADOPTION.ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS (AAP) look up translate image
- Federally funded state administered subsidy program for special needs children who might otherwise remain in longterm foster care.
- ADOPTIVE PARENT look up translate image
- Person(s) who legally assume parental rights/responsibilities for adopted child.
- ADULT ADOPTION look up translate image
- The adoption of a person over the age of majority (as defined in state law).
- AGENCY ADOPTION look up translate image
- Adoptive placements made by licensed organizations that screen prospective adoptive parents and supervise the placement of children in adoptive homes until the adoption is finalized.
- AGENCY PLACEMENT look up translate image
- Completion of an adoption.
- ALCOHOL-RELATED BIRTH DEFECTS look up translate image
- Physical or cognitive deficits in a child which result from maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy includes but is not limited to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effect (FAE).
- ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR look up translate image
- Actions deviating sharply from the social norm. Children with such behaviors commonly skip school, get into fights, run away from home, persistently lie, use drugs or alcohol, steal, vandalize property and violate school and home rules.
- APOSTILLE look up translate image
- A simplified certification of public (including notarized) documents used in countries that participate in a Hague Convention. This simplified form contains numbered fields (which allow the data to be understood by all participating countries regardless of the official language of the issuing country). The completed apostille form certifies the authenticity of the document's signature, the capacity in which the person signing the document has acted, and identifies the seal/stamp which the document...(more)
- APPROVED ADOPTION PRACTITIONER look up translate image
- See Practitioner
- ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION look up translate image
- Impregnation of a woman by one of many possible artificial reproductive technologies (ARTs).
- ASFA look up translate image
- Acronym for Adoption and Safe Families Act.
- ASSISTANCE, ADOPTION look up translate image
- See Subsidy.
- ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES (ART) look up translate image
- Medical technologies that assist in the impregnation of a female. Technologies include oocyte (or egg) donation, embryo donation, in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination and sperm donation. Different medical procedures are used within each of these procedures.
- AT-RISK PLACEMENT look up translate image
- The placement of a child into the prospective adoptive family before the birth parents' rights have been legally extinguished.
- ATTACHMENT look up translate image
- The ability of a child to form significant and stable emotional connections with other people, beginning in early infancy with one or more primary caretakers. Failure to establish such connections before the age of five may result in difficulties with social relationships as severe as reactive attachment disorder.
- ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER (ADD) look up translate image
- A lifelong developmental disability (with onset in infancy, childhood or adolescence) that affects a child's ability to concentrate and control impulses. A child who has ADD is not hyperactive, but often has problems sustaining attention in task or play activities, difficulty in persisting with tasks to completion, and concentrating for longer periods of time.
- ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) look up translate image
- A lifelong developmental disability (with onset in infancy, childhood or adolescence) that involves problems with attention span, impulse control, and activity level at home, at school or at work. Typical behaviors include: fidgeting with hands or squirming in seat; difficulty remaining seated when required; distractibility; difficulty waiting for turns in groups; difficulty staying on task with chores or play activities; difficulty playing quietly; excessive talking; inattention; restlessness; and engaging in physically dangerous activities without considering consequences.
- AUTHORITY, ADOPTION look up translate image
- See Hague Convention
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